Highlights
- •Introducing three-dimensional (3D) printing has opened new visions in the orthodontic field.
- •This research evaluates three-dimensionally produced orthodontic retainers and their future possible uses.
- •Using both 3D-printed and 3D pen-produced retainers for orthodontics, several advantages can be obtained, such as less or no technician help, time saving, and decreased costs compared with the conventional method.
- •This is the first study evaluating the characteristics of these 3D methods.
ABSTRACT
Background
Introducing three-dimensional (3D) printing has opened new visions in the orthodontic
field. This research evaluates three-dimensionally produced orthodontic retainers
and their future possible uses. For this purpose, in vitro tests were performed for
these groups, including bond strength, failure analysis, discoloration, and biodegradation.
Methods
A total of 30 specimens (n = 30), lower incisor human teeth, were randomly divided
into three groups for a bond strength failure analysis (for each group n = 10). In
the experimental groups, lingual retainers were fabricated using 3D systems (group
1 with 3D dental pen and group 2 with 3D-printed). In the control group (group 3),
the retainer system was a combination of a wire and composite, which is being used
worldwide. A total of 30 specimens (n = 30) from the 3D dental pen and 3D-printed
for discoloration and biodegradation tests were divided into three groups (water,
tea, and coffee). Data were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U test, ANOVA, and chi-square test.
Results
For all parameters tested, significant differences were determined among groups. The
3D pen group had the highest score for bond strength, whereas discoloration differed
significantly.
Conclusions
According to the limitations of this research, 3D-printed retainers have the potential
for clinical use in the near future.
Keywords
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: January 16, 2023
Accepted:
December 26,
2022
Received in revised form:
December 26,
2022
Received:
November 9,
2022
Publication stage
In Press Corrected ProofFootnotes
Funding: The authors have not declared a specific grant for this research from any funding agency in the public, commercial or not-for-profit sectors.
Competing interests: Authors have completed and submitted the ICMJE Form for Disclosure of potential conflicts of interest. None declared.
Provenance and peer review: Non-commissioned and externally peer reviewed.
Identification
Copyright
© 2023 World Federation of Orthodontists. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
