Highlights
- •Ideal golden proportion was absent in facial proportions of Clark's twin block treated patients.
- •Facial proportion ratios came closer to golden proportion after treatment with Clark's twin block.
- •Golden proportion can be used as a guide in treatment planning of patients.
ABSTRACT
Introduction
This study aimed to determine the influence of Clark's twin block (CTB) appliance
therapy on achieving golden proportion in post-treatment facial profiles in skeletal
Class II patients.
Methods
A retrospective longitudinal study was conducted on a sample of 44 skeletal Class
II subjects treated with CTB, followed by nonextraction mechanotherapy. Ricketts’
13 dentoskeletal ratios were measured on pre- and post-treatment lateral cephalograms. Paired
Student's t test was used to analyze the existence of golden proportion in the values of the
pre- and post-treatment ratios. The influence of pretreatment variables was tested
on post-treatment ratio 4 using simple and multiple linear regression analyses.
Results
A statistically significant difference in pre- and post-treatment values was found
for ratios 4 (P = 0.02), 9 (P = 0.04), 10 (P < 0.001), and 13 (P = 0.01). Ratios 4, 9, and 13 moved closer to the golden proportion, whereas ratio
10 moved away from the golden proportion after CTB therapy. Simple linear regression
analysis showed a statistically significant association of post-treatment ratio 4
with pretreatment ratios 1, 4, 8, 9, and 12. Multiple linear regression analysis showed
a statistically significant association of post-treatment ratio 4 with pretreatment
ratios 4 and 12.
Conclusions
Treatment with CTB appliance may well move various facial ratios in individual patients
toward the published Ricketts ideals. Ricketts’ published golden proportion may be
used as one guide when planning for attempted dentofacial change in individual patients.
Keywords
To read this article in full you will need to make a payment
Purchase one-time access:
Academic & Personal: 24 hour online accessCorporate R&D Professionals: 24 hour online accessOne-time access price info
- For academic or personal research use, select 'Academic and Personal'
- For corporate R&D use, select 'Corporate R&D Professionals'
Subscribe:
Subscribe to Journal of the World Federation of OrthodontistsAlready a print subscriber? Claim online access
Already an online subscriber? Sign in
Register: Create an account
Institutional Access: Sign in to ScienceDirect
References
- Analysis of skeletal facial and soft tissue profile before and after orthognathic surgery in class II and III patients, and their relationship with the golden ratio.Rev Odontol UNESP. 2017; 46: 292-298
- The elements of Euclid.Desilver, Thomas1838
- The principles of visual perception and their clinical application to denture esthetics.J Prosthet Dent. 1973; 29: 358-382
- Dental esthetics and the golden proportion.J Prosthet Dent. 1978; 40: 244-252
- The biologic significance of the divine proportion and Fibonacci series.Am J Orthod. 1982; 81: 351-370
- Divine proportion in facial esthetics.Clin Plast Surg. 1982; 9: 401-422
- Golden proportion analysis of dental-skeletal patterns of class II and III patients pre and postorthodontic-orthognathic treatment.J Contemp Dent Pract. 2016; 17: 728-733
- An improved version of the cervical vertebral maturation (CVM) method for the assessment of mandibular growth.Angle Orthod. 2002; 72: 316-323
- The role of the divine proportion in the esthetic improvement of patients undergoing combined orthodontic/orthognathic surgical treatment.Int J Adult Orthodon Orthognath Surg. 2001; 16: 108-120
- Evaluation of the divine proportion in the facial profile of young females.Indian J Dent Res. 2008; 19: 292-296
- Effect of Clark's twin-block appliance (CTB) and non-extraction fixed mechano-therapy on the pharyngeal dimensions of growing children.Dent Press J Orthod. 2015; 20: 82-88
- Changes in oro-pharyngeal airway dimensions after treatment with functional appliance in class II skeletal pattern.J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad. 2015; 27: 759-763
- The effects of the Twin-block appliance treatment on the skeletal and dentolaveolar changes in Class II Division 1 malocclusion.Medicina (Kaunas). 2005; 41: 392-400
- Influence of lower facial height changes on frontal facial attractiveness and perception of treatment need by lay people.Angle Orthod. 2010; 80: 1159-1164
- Treatment effects of the twin block appliance: a cephalometric study.Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1998; 114: 15-24
- Treatment effects of twin block therapy - a review of literature.Int J Sci Res. 2019; 8: 68-70
- Long-term effects of Herbst treatment in relation to normal growth development: a cephalometric study.Eur J Orthod. 1992; 14: 285-295
Article info
Publication history
Published online: August 30, 2022
Accepted:
July 31,
2022
Received in revised form:
July 29,
2022
Received:
June 2,
2022
Footnotes
Funding: The authors have not declared a specific grant for this research from any funding agency in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.
Competing interests: Authors have completed and submitted the ICMJE Form for Disclosure of potential conflicts of interest. None declared.
Provenance and peer review: Non commissioned and externally peer reviewed.
Identification
Copyright
© 2022 World Federation of Orthodontists. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
