Highlights
- •Normative smile aesthetics and treatment need are not significantly associated with self-esteem.
- •No sex-based difference observed with regard to self-esteem.
- •Self-perception is a more important predictor of self-esteem.
- •Self-esteem increases with age.
ABSTRACT
Background
The psychological impact of malocclusion, social acceptance, self-esteem, and the
development of personality traits are considerations that can affect the demand for
orthodontic treatment. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of malocclusion
severity and self-perceived smile and dental aesthetics on self-esteem among adolescents
in Lagos, Nigeria.
Methods
This analytical cross-sectional study was performed among 393 adolescents (210 females
and 183 males) at a university teaching hospital in Nigeria. The need for orthodontic
treatment was assessed using the Dental Aesthetic Index, whereas self-esteem was measured
using the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale. Smile analysis was performed on photographs
of posed smiles, whereas photographs of posed smiles and intraoral frontal view with
teeth in centric occlusion were rated with the Visual Analog Scale for self-perception
of smile and dental aesthetics. A comparison of variables among self-esteem groups
was made using the ANOVA and Tukey post hoc tests, whereas an association among all
variables was examined using the correlation coefficient. Stepwise regression analysis
examined the effects of independent variables on self-esteem.
Results
A significant correlation was found between self-esteem and self-perceived smile (r = 0.294; P < 0.001) and dental aesthetics (r = 0.212; P < 0.001). Adolescents with high self-perceived smile (mean ± standard deviation,
7.66 ± 2.20) and dental aesthetics (6.68 ± 2.58) had higher self-esteem than participants
with low self-perceived smile (4.75 ± 2.73) and dental aesthetics (4.36 ± 2.29). Self-perceived
smile aesthetics had the most predictive impact on self-esteem.
Conclusions
The results showed that self-perception of smile and dental aesthetics is a significant
factor that influences self-esteem among adolescents.
Keywords
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: June 04, 2022
Accepted:
May 8,
2022
Received in revised form:
May 8,
2022
Received:
February 18,
2022
Footnotes
Funding: The authors have not declared a specific grant for this research from any funding agency in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.
Competing interest: Authors have completed and submitted the ICMJE Form for Disclosure of potential conflicts of interest. None declared.
Provenance and peer review: Not commisioned and externally peer reviewed.
Ethical approval: Ethics approval for this study was obtained from the Health Research and Ethics Committee of the Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (LREC. 06/10/813). Informed written consent and assent were also obtained from parents/guardians and patients willing to participate.
Data availability statement: The data sets used and/or analyzed during the present study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.
Identification
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© 2022 World Federation of Orthodontists. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
